By Eera Satwe / May 16, 2024
Scientists are conducting research on the impacts that nanoparticles have on fetal development by analyzing placental function. Even though there is a placental barrier, nanoparticles may cause damage to the fetal tissues. This study, led by Tina Bürki from Particle Biology Interactions, Empa, Switzerland, investigates how nanoparticles break down the barrier. Nanoparticles are found in various products and are produced by combustion processes and wear and tear. According to Bürki she explains, "We absorb these substances from the environment via our food, cosmetics, or the air we breathe," These particles can affect the fetus by causing low birth weight, respiratory diseases, and a risk of autism. Bürki and her team collaborated with clinical partners to understand the impact of nanoparticles, specifically titanium dioxide and diesel soot, on fetal development. Using C-section placental tissues, her team discovered that these particles disrupt the creation of messenger substances in the placenta, which prevents blood vessel growth in the embryos. This was demonstrated using a chicken-egg model where altered substances ultimately led to the blood vessel system alteration.
In the bottom picture, a chicken egg is shown where the blood vessels grow very fast to allow embryonic development. A microscope is used to view the dense area of blood cells. In contrast, the top picture is where the altered substances from the nanoparticles are shown. In this image the blood vessel system is “coarse-meshed” showing the impact of nanoparticles in the system. The Researchers are examining the substances released by a nanoparticle-exposed placenta, the secretome. In its uncontaminated form, the coordination of hormones, inflammatory mediators, and signaling substances needed for organ development works perfectly together.
Further analysis will show nanoparticles' other impacts on pregnant women and the child's development. Thomas Rduch from the Women's Clinic and a clinical research fellow at Empa says, "A healthy placenta is of utmost importance for the child's development. Correct risk assessments of environmental pollution are crucial for pregnant women ". To conclude, this study portrays the importance of a thorough risk assessment of environmental pollutants, in this case, nanoparticles, to protect the well-being of pregnant women and their children.
Citation
Science, S. F. L. for M., & Technology. (2024, June 11). Troubling Consequences: Nanoparticles Found To Have Mysterious Effects on Unborn Children. SciTechDaily. https://scitechdaily.com/troubling-consequences-nanoparticles-found-to-have-mysterious-effects-on-unborn-children/
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